HTML Basics

57min

HTML waxaa laga soo gaabiyaya Hypertext Markup Language waxaan loo isticmalaa in aan ku qeexno building blocks-ka pages-keena Tusaale in aan kusoo drno qoraal , sawiro iyo buttons.

HTML waxaad ku dhisi kartaa website adiga kuu gaar ah.



  • HTML waxaa laga soo gaabiyay Hyper Text Markup Language
  • HTML waa standard loogu talagalay markup languages taasi oo lagu dhisayo web pages-ka.
  • HTML waxaa lagu qeexa qaabka website-ka uu ahaanayo.
  • HTML wuxuu ka koobanyahay serries elements.
  • HTML brwoser-ka wxuu u sheegaya sida loo soo bandhigayo content-ga page-ka.
  • HTML label elements waa qaar kamid ah contents kaasi oo loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo shay sida in aad dhahdo "Kani waa paragraph" , "kani waa qoraal" iyo iwm.



kaani waa tusaale yar oo html docuemnt ah

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Sharaxaad ku saabsan tusaalaha kore

  • <!DOCTYPE html> black-gaan wxuu qeexayaa kani waa HTML 5 docuement.
  • <html> waa root elementga lagu xerayo dhamamn contents ku jira page-ka.
  • <head> waxaa loogu taagaly in lagu qeexo information ku saabsan meta kaasi laguu sheagyo xog ku saabsan page-ka.
  • <title> element-gaan wuxu qeexayaa title-ka web page-ka akasi oo lagu soo badnhigayo browsers. qaybtiisa kore.
  • <body> element waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo content web page-ka.
  • The <h1> waxaay qeexaysaa cinwaan wayn in uu yahay.
    The <p> element waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo qoraal paragraph ah.



HTML Headings



HTML Heading waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qoro cinwaanada waana very useful marka la joog html tags.



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HTML Paragraphs



p lelement waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo qoraal paragraph ah.



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HTML Links

waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu xero links banaaka ah ama kuwa website-ka dhexdiisa h.

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HTML Images

waxaa loogu talagay in lagu soo bandhigo images-ka.

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HTML Buttons

waxaa loogu talagalay in aad ku sameyso buttons akasi aad ku xeri karto actions kala duwan.

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HTML List

waxa loogu talagalay marka ad qeexeeso list of data.

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HTML Attributes

  • Dhamman HTML elements-ka waxay lahaan karaan attribute
  • Attributes-ku waxaa loogu talagaly in lagu qeexo information dheeri ah oo ku saabsan element-ga.
  • attributes-ka inta badan waxaa al dhigaa bilowga taga.
  • attributes-ka inta badan waxaa loo qoraa name/value pairs sida name="value".

href attribute

tagan <a> waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo links-ka , href attribute-ka waxaa lgu sheegaa linkiga uu aadayo marka la dhufto a taaga.

Tusaale

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src attribute

<img> tag waxaa loogu talagalay in aad web page-ka kuso darto image , src attribute-na waxaa loo isticmlaal in ad ku qeexdo url-ka sawirka.

Tusaale

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Width iyo height attribute

<img> waa in uu lahaadaa cabir kaasi oo aad ku qeexi karto balac iyo dhirirka sawirka waxaadna isticmalaysaa width iyo height attributes.

Tusaale

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Alt attribute

alt attribute inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in aad ku sharaxdo sawirka iyo in qoraal ahaan loo arko sawirka hadii. ay dhacdo in sawirka uu soo muuqan waayo cilad jirta awgeed sida in internetka uu kaa go'ay ama la waayay sawirka linkigiisa.



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HTML Styles

HTML Style attribute waxaa loo isticmaalaa in aad style ku darto elementiga sida color-ka cabirka qoraalka iwm.

Tusaale

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HTML Text Formating



HTML wuxuu leeyahay elements badan oo lagu qeexayo qoraaldada waliba macno gaar ah.

Tusaale

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HTML Formating Elements



  • <b> waxaa loo isticmaalaa bold text.
  • <strong> waxaa loo isticmaalaa qoraalada importantiga ah sida ogaysiisyada iyo digniinaha.
  • <i> waxaa loo isticmalaa qoraalda italic ah.
  • <em> waxaa loo isticmalaa qoraalda jiif jiifka ah.
  • <mark> waxaa loo isticmaala qoraalda aad rabto in aad calaamdayso.
  • <small> waxaa loo isticmaala qoraalada yar yar.
  • <del>waxaa loo isticmaala qoraalda delete-ka ah tusaale marki aad sheekgeyso product price-keeda hore iyo price-ka ahda la iibinayo .
  • <ins> waxaa loo adeegsadaa qoraalda inserted ah.
  • <sub> waxaa loo isticmalaaah subscript text
  • <sup> waxaa loo istricmala superscript text

Tusaale

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HTML Tables

HTML Tables-ka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu soo bandhiso data ayadoo la isticmaalyo rows iyo columns.

Tusaale

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Qeexida HTML Tables-ka

Table-ka marka la joogo html waxa uu ka koobanyhay cells ku dhex jira rows iyo columns.

Tusaale

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Table Cells

Table kaste cell-kiisa waxaa lagu qeexaa <td> iyo </td>

td waxaa laga soo gaabiayay Table data.



wax walba oo ku dhex jira <td></td> waa content-ga cell-ka table-ka 😂.

Ka raali noqda waxyaalaha qaar uma haayo somali sax ah .

Tusaale



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Note: A table cell wuxuu ka koobnaan karaa dhamman HTML elements: text, images, lists, links, other tables, etc.



Table Rows

tr waxaa laga soo gaabiyay table row



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waxaad sameyn kartaa inta row aad rabto lakin hubi in cell-ka ama td-da table-ka ay same yihiin.

Table Headers

mar marka qaar waxaad u baahantahay in aad table-ka u sameyso headers markaasi waxaad isticmaalaysaa <th></th>

th waxaa laga soo gaabiyay table header.



Tusaale

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Full Example

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HTML Table Tags

Tag

Description

<table>

Waxaa lagu qeexaa Table-ka

<th>

Waxaa lagu qeexa header cells-ka tabel-ka

<tr>

waxa lagu qeexa table-ka row-ga

<td>

waxaa lagu qeexa cell-ka tableka

<caption>

waxaa lagu qeexa caption-ka table-ka

waxaa lagu qeexaa group oo ka kooban hal ama laba colum oo tabel-ka lagu format gareynayo.

<col>

waxaa lagu qeexaa column properties-ka column kaste oo kujira column group.

<thead>

Waxaa lgu qeexaa header content-ga table-ka

<tbody>

waxaa lagu qeexaa body content-ga table-ka

<tfoot>

waxaa lagu qeexaa footer-ka table-ka



HTML Forms

HTML Forms waxaa loogu talalagy in lagu aruuriyo xogaha user-ka soo booqda website-ka iyada loo sii wareejinayo servers.

<form> element waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu sameeyo html form si loo helo xogaha userka meel uu ku qoro .

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form element-ga waxaa uu ka koobnan karaa input elemnts badan oo ay kamid yihiin : text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, submit buttons, etc.



Type

Description

<input type="text">

Wuxuu soo bandhigayaa single line oo inuput feild ah

<input type="radio">

Wuxuu soo bandhigayaa radio button oo loogu talagalay in lagu doorto hal waxyaalo badan.

<input type="submit">

Wuxu soo bandhigayaa in form lagu submit gareeyo.

<input type="button">

wuxuu soo bandhigayaa button la gujin karo.

Dhammaan qaybaha kala duwan ee input elements-ka halkan ka tixraac All input Elements .



HTML Input Attributes

Value attribute

input value attribute waxaa loogu talalagy in lagu keydiyo waxa userka uu qoro.

Tusaale

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Readonly attribute

readonly attribute waxaa loogu talalagy in lagu qeexo in input elementgaan loogu talagalay in wax lagu aqriyo kaliya uusan wax ku qori karin.

read value waxaa la raaciyaa form-ka markii submit la dhaho.

Disabled attribute

disabled attribute waxaa loogu talagalay in elementigaan uu yahay disable uusan ku sameyn karin wax action ah.

sidoo kale value disabled-k a form-ka wa la raacinayaa markii la dirayo xogta.



Full Example

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HTML Semantic Elements

Semantic elements = elements leh macno.

Waa Maxay Semantic Elements?

Semantic Element si cad wuxuu browser-ka iyo developer-ka u qeexayaa macnaha element-ga .

Tusaale non-semantic elements waxaa kamid ah <div> iyo <span> wax macno ay u taaganyihiin malahan.

Tusaale semantic elements <form> , <table> iyo <article> si ad ayay u qeexayaan macnohooda.

Semantic Elements in HTML



  • <article>
  • <aside>
  • <details>
  • <figcaption>
  • <figure>
  • <footer>
  • <header>
  • <main>
  • <mark>
  • <nav>
  • <section>
  • <summary>
  • <time>
Html somali Semantic elemnst example
Html Semantic elemnst example


HTML <section> Element

<section> element wuxuu qeexayaa section kamid ah document-ga.

Ayado la tixraacayo W3C's HTML Documentation : "Section waa thematic grouping of content , inta badan waxaa la socda. heading"

Tusaalooyin ku saabsan meelaha loo isticmaalo <section> element :

  • Chapters
  • Introduction
  • News items
  • Contact information

Web page-ka caadiyan waxaa loo kala qaybiyaa sections loogu talagalay  introduction, content, and contact information.

Tusaale

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HTML <article> Element

<atricle> waxaa loo isticmaalaa si gaar ah wxaa lagu qoraa content gaar micnaha wax ay hoos imaanyso majirto.

Tusaalooyin ku saabsan meelaha loo isticmaalo <article>

  • Forum posts
  • Blog posts
  • User comments
  • Product cards
  • Newspaper articles

Tusaale

Three articles with independent, self-contained content:

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HTML <header> Element

<header> element waxaa uu u taaganyhay container lagu soo bandhigayo hordhac content ama lagu soo bandhigo navigation links.

<heade> element wuxuu ka koobnan karaa caadiyan



  • one or more heading elements (<h1> - <h6>)
  • logo or icon
  • authorship information

Note : header tag badan waad gelin kartaa hal docuemnt oo html ah , si walba ha'ahaatee lama dhex gelin karo <footer>, <address> ama <header> kale

Tusaale

A header for an <article>: 

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HTML <footer> Element

<footer> element wuxuu qeexayaa doceumnt footer-kiisa ama section footer-kiisa.

<footer> inta badan waxa uu ka koobanan karaa :

  • authorship information
  • copyright information
  • contact information
  • sitemap
  • back to top links
  • related documents

halkii document waxaad soo gelin kartaa dhowr <footer> element.

Tusaale

document oo uu kujiro footer

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HTML <nav> Element

<nav> element waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu soo bandhigo koox linkiyo ah .

Tusaale

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HTML <aside> Element

<aside> element waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qeexo content sidebar ah sida sidebar-ka web page-ka.

Tusaale

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HTML <figure> and <figcaption> Elements

<figure> tag waxaa loogu talagaly self-contained content , sida ilustarion-ka, sawirada , sawir gacmeedka , code listing iwm. <figurecaption> tag waxa uu qeexayaa caption-ka <figure> . <figurecaption> waxaa dhigi kartaa bilowga ama dhamaadka <figure> tag.

<img> element waxa uu qeexayaa actual image/illustartion.

Tuslaale

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Maxaan u isticmaalaynaa Sementic Elements?

iyadoo la tixraacayo w3c : "Semantic web wuxuu u ogolaanayaa data-da website in ay noqoto mid la wadaagi karo sidoo kale dib loogu isticmaali. karo applications , enterprise iyo communities-ka"

semantic elements in HTML .

Tag

Description

<article>

wuxuu qeexayaa qoraal madax banaan , self-contained content

<aside>

wuxuu qeexayaa side kamid ah page-ka.

<details>

wuxuu qeexayaa information dheeri ah oo oo user-ka qarin karo soona bandhigi karo.

wuxuu qeexayaa caption loogu talaglay <figure>

<figure>

wuxuu qeexayaa self-contained content sida ilustartion , sawir gacmeed-ka iyo sawirda caadiga , code listing iwm .

<footer>

wuxuu qeexayaa footer document ama page.

<header>

wuxuu qeexayaa document page ama section gaar ah .

<main>

wuxuu qeexayaa main content-ga page-ka .

<mark>

wuxuu qeexayaa qoraaal calaamdaysan .

<nav>

wuxuu qeexayaa navigation links.

<section>

wuxuu qeexayaa section kamid ah document.

<summary>

wuxuu qeexayaa qeexayaa xog kooban oo user-ka qarin karo soona bandhigi karo .

<time>

wuxuu qeexayaa date ama time.



Dhamman HTML Elements-ka avalilable-ka ah halkan kala eego.